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The Clay Minerals Society

Source
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Special Clay
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ORDER CLAYS ONLINE

By the early 1970’s the need for sources of homogeneous clay samples had become apparent to researchers. Natural deposits are so variable that data generated by different investigators working at the same outcrop often cannot be compared with confidence. Thus the Clay Minerals Society set up the Source Clays Project.

The Society’s Source Clays Repository offers two series of materials, the Source Clays and the Special Clays.

The Source Clays are derived from large, reasonably homogenized stocks. Thus, over the years, data on these reference materials can be compared. The samples have been carefully selected from the source deposits by professionals to minimize in situ variations. Because any beneficiation technique can bring about changes in properties, pre-treatment usually involves only low-temperature, steam-fired tray drying, and imp or Raymond mill pulverization. Each original sample consisted of one metric ton.

The Special Clays are rare but of great theoretical interest. No attempt has been made to homogenize or beneficiate them.

Starting in 2015, The Society’s Source Clay Repository also sells the leftover reference mineral mixtures from the Reynolds Cup contests . The materials, Reynolds Cup Reference Mixtures , are useful for checking analytical procedures.

Baseline Studies on Source Clays

Each of these papers in a special issue of Clays and Clay Minerals covers different aspects of the Source Clays. For example, If you’re interested in ICP-MS results of SWy-2, read the paper by Elzea Kogel and Lewis on pages 387–392.

P.M. Costanzo and S. Guggenheim
BASELINE STUDIES OF THE CLAY MINERALS SOCIETY SOURCE CLAYS: PREFACE
371

Patricia M. Costanzo
BASELINE STUDIES OF THE CLAY MINERALS SOCIETY SOURCE CLAYS: INTRODUCTION
372

William F. Moll, Jr.
BASELINE STUDIES OF THE CLAY MINERALS SOCIETY SOURCE CLAYS: GEOLOGICAL ORIGIN
374

Ahmet R. Mermut and Angel Faz Cano
BASELINE STUDIES OF THE CLAY MINERALS SOCIETY SOURCE CLAYS: CHEMICAL ANALYSES OF MAJOR ELEMENTS
381

Jessica Elzea Kogel and Susan A. Lewis
BASELINE STUDIES OF THE CLAY MINERALS SOCIETY SOURCE CLAYS: CHEMICAL ANALYSIS BY INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA-MASS SPECTROSCOPY (ICP-MS)
387

Ahmet R. Mermut and G. Lagaly
BASELINE STUDIES OF THE CLAY MINERALS SOCIETY SOURCE CLAYS: LAYER-CHARGE DETERMINATION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THOSE MINERALS CONTAINING 2:1 LAYERS
393

Steve J. Chipera and David L. Bish
BASELINE STUDIES OF THE CLAY MINERALS SOCIETY SOURCE CLAYS: POWDER X-RAY DIFFRACTION ANALYSES
398

Jana Madejov‡ and Peter Komadel
BASELINE STUDIES OF THE CLAY MINERALS SOCIETY SOURCE CLAYS: INFRARED METHODS
410

Stephen Guggenheim and A.F. Koster van Groos
BASELINE STUDIES OF THE CLAY MINERALS SOCIETY SOURCE CLAYS: THERMAL ANALYSIS
433

D. Borden and R. F. Giese
BASELINE STUDIES OF THE CLAY MINERALS SOCIETY SOURCE CLAYS: CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY MEASUREMENTS BY THE AMMONIA-ELECTRODE METHOD
444

Wenju Wu
BASELINE STUDIES OF THE CLAY MINERALS SOCIETY SOURCE CLAYS: COLLOID AND SURFACE PHENOMENA
446

For Source Clay Bibliography

Data Sheets

Source Clays

$150.00 per unit

Kaolinite, (low-defect – Warren County, Georgia, USA) (125 grams/unit) KGa-1b
Baseline Studies | SDS data | MSDS Data Sheet | Physical & Chemical Data

Kaolinite, (high-defect – Warren County, Georgia, USA) (125 grams/unit) KGa-2
Baseline Studies | SDS data | MSDS Data Sheet | Physical & Chemical Data

Palygorskite (Gadsden County, Florida, USA) (125 grams/unit) PFl-1
Baseline Studies | SDS data | MSDS Data Sheet | Physical & Chemical Data

Hectorite (contains calcite – San Bernardino County California USA) (250 grams/unit) SHCa-1
Baseline Studies | SDS data | MSDS Data Sheet | Physical & Chemical Data

Ca-montmorillonite (white – Gonzales County, Texas, USA – replaces STx-1) (250 grams/ unit) STx-1b
Baseline Studies | SDS data | MSDS Data Sheet | Physical & Chemical Data

Na-rich Montmorillonite (Crook County, Wyoming, USA) (250 grams/unit) SWy-3
Baseline Studies | SDS data | MSDS Data Sheet | Physical & Chemical Data

Barasym SSM-100 (synthetic mica-montmorillonite – NL Industries) (250 grams/unit) SYn-1
Baseline Studies | SDS data | MSDS Data Sheet | Physical & Chemical Data

Na-rich montmorillonite (Arumpo bentonite – Victoria, Australia) (250 grams/unit) SAu-1
Baseline Studies | SDS data |MSDS Data Sheet | Physical & Chemical Data

Special Clays (Rock Chips)

$150.00 per unit

Ripidolite (chlorite – Flagstaff Hill, El Dorado County, California, USA) (50 grams/unit) CCa-2
SDS data |MSDS Data Sheet | Physical & Chemical Data

Rectorite (regular-mixed layer – Garland County, Arkansas, USA) (50 grams/unit) RAr-1
SDS data |MSDS Data Sheet | Physical & Chemical Data

Optigel SH (Synthetic hectorite – Sud-Chemie Rheologicals – United Catalysts Inc.) (50 grams/unit) SYnH-1
SDS data |MSDS Data Sheet | Physical & Chemical Data

Synthetic laponite (Southern Clay Products Inc.)  (50 grams/unit) SYnL-1
SDS data |MSDS Data Sheet | Physical & Chemical Data

Illite-smectite mixed layer (70/30 ordered) Slovakia) (50 grams/unit) ISCz-1
SDS data |MSDS Data Sheet | Physical & Chemical Data

Nontronite (green color Al-enriched from Uley Mine – South Australia) (50 grams/unit) NAu-1
SDS data |MSDS Data Sheet | Physical & Chemical Data

Nontronite (brown color Al-poor, contains tetrahedral Fe from Uley Mine – South Australia (50 grams/unit) NAu-2
SDS data |MSDS Data Sheet | Physical & Chemical Data

Sepiolite (Valdemore Spain – Miocene age, contains minor calcite) (50 grams/unit) SepSp-1
SDS data |MSDS Data Sheet |Physical & Chemical Data

Beidellite (Idaho, USA) (50 grams/unit) SBId-1
SDS data |MSDS Data Sheet | Physical & Chemical Data

Cookeite (Arkansas, USA – cookeite flakes scattered on surface of rock chips) (50 grams/unit) CAr-1
SDS data |MSDS Data Sheet |Physical & Chemical Data

Physical & Chemical Data of Source Clays

Listed below are data from Data Handbook for Clay Minerals and Other Non-metallic Minerals, edited by H.Van Olphena and J.J. Fripiat, published by Pergamon Press. The data are available only for source clay minerals, not special clay minerals. Data shown below for special clay is unofficial and meant to be used as guideline and NOT an analytical certification.

Source Clays

Kaolin KGa-1(KGa-1b), (low-defect)

ORIGIN: Tuscaloosa formation? (Cretaceous?) (stratigraphy uncertain)
County of Washington, State of Georgia, USA
LOCATION: 32°58′ N-82°53′ W approximately, topographic map Tabernacle, Georgia N 3252.5-W 8252.5/7.5, Collected from face of Coss-Hodges pit, October 3,1972.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 44.2, Al2O3: 39.7, TiO2: 1.39, Fe2O3: 0.13,FeO: 0.08, MnO: 0.002, MgO: 0.03, CaO: n.d., Na2O: 0.013, K2O: 0.05, F:0.013,P2O5: 0.034, Loss on heating: -550°C: 12.6; 550-1000°C: 1.18.
CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY (CEC): 2.0 meq/100g
SURFACE AREA: N2 area: 10.05 +/- 0.02 m2 /g
THERMAL ANALYSIS: DTA: endotherm at 630oC, exotherm at 1015oC, TG: dehydroxylationweight loss 13.11% (theory 14%) indicating less than 7% impurities.
INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY: Typical spectrum for well crystallized kaolinite,however not as well crystallized as a typical China clay from Cornwall,as judged from the intensity of the 3669 cm-1 band. Splitting of the 1100cm- 1 band is due to the presence of coarse crystals.
STRUCTURE:(Mg.02 Ca.01 Na.01 K.01)[Al3.86 Fe(III).02 Mntr Ti.11][Si3.83Al.17]O10(OH)8, Octahedral charge:.11, Tetrahedral charge:-.17,Interlayer charge:-.06, Unbalanced charge:0.00

Kaolin KGa-2, (high-defect)

ORIGIN: Probably lower tertiary (stratigraphic sequence uncertain)
County of Warren, State of Georgia, USA
LOCATION: 33°19′ N-82°28′ W approximately, topographic map Bowdens Pond,Georgia N 3315-W 8222.5/7.5, Collected from face of Purvis pit, October 4, 1972.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 43.9, Al2O3: 38.5, TiO2: 2.08, Fe2O3: 0.98, FeO: 0.15, MnO: n.d., MgO: 0.03, CaO: n.d., Na2O: <0.005, K2O: 0.065,P2O5: 0.045, S: 0.02, Loss on heating: -550°C: 12.6; 550-1000°C: 1.17, F:0.02.
CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY (CEC): 3.3 meq/100g
SURFACE AREA: N2 area: 23.50 +/- 0.06 m2/g
THERMAL ANALYSIS: DTA: endotherm at 625°C, exotherm at 1005°C, TG: dehydroxylationweight loss 13.14% (theory 14%) indicating less than 7% impurities.
INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY: Typical spectrum for less crystallized kaolinite,however the mineral is not extremely disordered since the band at 3669 cm-1is still present in the spectrum.
STRUCTURE: (Catr Ktr)[Al3.66 Fe(III).07 Mntr Mgtr Ti.16][Si4.00]O10(OH)8, Octahedral charge:.16, Tetrahedral charge:0.00,Interlayer charge:.16, Unbalanced charge:.15, Extra Si:.04

Palygorskite (Attapulgite) PFl-1

ORIGIN: Hawthorne formation (miocene)
County of Gadsden, State of Florida, USA
LOCATION: SE 1/4 NW 1/4 sec. 10, T 3 N, R 3 W., topographic map Dogtown,Florida (7.5′), Collected at the Luten mine from the first foot of claybed after stripping of overburden, October 13, 1972.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 60.9, Al2O3: 10.4, TiO2: 0.49, Fe2O3: 2.98,FeO: 0.40, MnO: 0.058, MgO: 10.2, CaO: 1.98, Na2O: 0.058, K2O: 0.80, F:0.542, P2O5: 0.80, S: 0.11, Loss on heating: -550°C: 8.66; 550-1000°C: 1.65.
CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY (CEC): 19.5 meq/100g
SURFACE AREA: N2 area: 136.35 +/- 0.31 m2/g
THERMAL ANALYSIS: DTA: endotherm at 170°C, exotherm at 905°C, desorptionof water; 230-300, desorption of adsorbed water; 495°C; 550oC,dehydroxylation;840°C . TG: Loss of absorbed water 12.96% (theory 14%), loss of structural water 5.52%.
INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY: The spectrum indicates fairly pure attapulgite.A trace of quartz is detectable (780 and 800 cm-1 ). The spectrum showsconsiderable shifts upon drying of the sample in the OH stretching region(3000-3700 cm-1) and in the Si-O stretching region (1000-1200 cm-1 ) These shifts are reversible.
STRUCTURE:(Mg.33 Ca.62 Na.04 K.13)[Al1.50 Fe(III).52 Fe(II).01 Mn.01 Mg1.91 Ti.06][Si7.88 Al.22]O20(OH)4, Octahedral charge:-1.87, Tetrahedral charge:-.22, Interlayer charge:-2.09, Unbalanced charge:0.00

“Cheto” SAz-1 or SAz-2 (no longer available for sale)

ORIGIN: Bidahochi formation (pliocene)
County of Apache, State of Arizona, USA
LOCATION: SE 1/4 NW 1/4 sec. 26, T 21 N?, R 29 E., topographic map: Gallup(1:250,000), Collected from pit after overburden was stripped, May 8, 1973.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 60.4, Al2O3: 17.6, TiO2: 0.24, Fe2O3: 1.42,FeO: 0.08, MnO: 0.099, MgO: 6.46, CaO: 2.82, Na2O: 0.063, K2O: 0.19, F:0.287, P2O5: 0.020, Loss on heating: -550°C: 7.54; 550-1000°C: 2.37.
CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY (CEC): 120 meq/100g, major exchange cation Ca.
SURFACE AREA: N2 area: 97.42 +/- 0.58 m2/g
THERMAL ANALYSIS: DTA: endotherm at 200°C, exotherm at 1020, 1065, 1160°C, shoulder at 240°C , desorption of water; 685°C, dehydroxylation; shoulder at 895°C. TG: Loss in dehydroxylation range: 4.69% (theory 5.0%).
INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY: The spectrum indicates a low octahedral iron content. A silica phase (band at 790 cm-1) is detectable.
STRUCTURE: (Ca.39 Na.36 K.02)[Al2.71 Mg1.11 Fe(III).12 Mn.01Ti.03][Si8.00]O20(OH)4, Octahedral charge:-1.08, Tetrahedral charge:0.00, Interlayer charge:-1.08, Unbalanced charge:.08,Extra Si:.01

Hectorite SHCa-1

ORIGIN: Red Mountain Andesite formation (pliocene)
County of San Bernardino, State of California, USA
LOCATION: NE 1/4 Sec. 27 T8, R5 E; topographic map: Cady Mountains (15′), Collected from plant stockpile, November, 1972. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 34.7, Al2O3: 0.69, TiO2: 0.038, Fe2O3:0.02, FeO: 0.25, MnO: 0.008, MgO: 15.3, CaO: 23.4, Na2O: 1.26, K2O: 0.13, Li2O: 2.18, F: 2.60, P2O5: 0.014, S: 0.01, Loss on heating: -550°C: 1.20; 550-1000°C: 20.6.
According to Steve J. Chipera and David L. Bish in Clays and Clay Minerals, 49 (5), 398-409 (2001), SHCa-1 was found to contain approximately 50% smectite (43% calcite, 3% dolomite, 3% quartz and 1% other).
CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY (CEC): 43.9 meq/100g.
SURFACE AREA: N2 area: 63.19 +/- 0.50 m2/g
THERMAL ANALYSIS: DTA: endotherms at 165°C, desorption of water: shoulderat 725°C, 795°C, dehydroxylation; 880oC, decarboxylation of carbonate; shoulderat 910oC, 1130°C. TG: Ranges of dehydroxylation and release of CO2 overlap;loss of CO2 above 810°C indicates 27% of carbonate (calcite).
INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY: The spectrum contains strong calcite bands, whichare, however, absent in the fraction <2 um. Quartz is detectable.
STRUCTURE: (Mg.56 Na.42 K.05)[Mg4.60 Li1.39 MntrTi.01][Si7.75 Al.17 Fe(III).05]O20(OH)4, Octahedral charge:-1.35, Tetrahedral charge:-.22, Interlayer charge:-1.57, Unbalanced charge:.02,24.84% CaCO3 as calcite

Texas Montmorillonite STx-1

ORIGIN: Manning formation, Jackson group (eocene)
County of Gonzales, State of Texas, USA
LOCATION: 29o3°’ N, 97°22′ W approximately, topographic map: Hamon, Texas, N 2922.5-W 9715/7.5, Collected from face of pit, October 17, 1972.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 70.1, Al2O3: 16.0, TiO2: 0.22, Fe2O3: 0.65, FeO: 0.15, MnO: 0.009, MgO: 3.69, CaO: 1.59, Na2O: 0.27, K2O: 0.078, F:0.084, P2O5: 0.026, S: 0.04, Loss on heating: -550°C: 3.32; 550-1000°C:3.22, CO2: 0.16.
CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY (CEC): 84.4 meq/100g, major exchange cation Ca.
SURFACE AREA: N2 area: 83.79 +/- 0.22 m2/g
THERMAL ANALYSIS: DTA: endotherms at 185°C (shoulder at 235°C), desorptionof water: 725°C, dehydroxylation; shoulder at 920°C, exotherms at 1055°C,1065°C, 1135°C. TG: Loss in dehydroxylation range: 3.88% (theory: 5%).
INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY: The spectrum indicates a low iron content. Quartz(697 cm-1), a silica phase (797 cm-1), and a trace of carbonate (1400 cm-1)are detectable.
STRUCTURE: (Ca.27 Na.04 K.01)[Al2.41 Fe(III).09 Mntr Mg.71Ti..03][Si8.00]O20(OH)4,Octahedral charge:-.68, Tetrahedral charge:0.00,Interlayer charge:-.68, Unbalanced charge:-.08,Extra Si:.59

Na-Montmorillonite (Wyoming) SWy-1, SWy-2 and SWy-3 (SWy-2 and SWy-3 are the same as SWy-1. SWy-2 and SWy-3 were collected from the same mine from where SWy-1 was collected at two later occasions).

ORIGIN: Newcastle formation, (cretaceous)
County of Crook, State of Wyoming, USA
LOCATION: NE 1/4 SE 1/4 Sec.18, T 57 N, R 65 W; 8, Topographic map: Seeley(15′), The upper 63 of recently stripped area was removed to expose clean,green upper Newcastle, Collected from which samples was taken, October 3,1972.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 62.9, Al2O3: 19.6, TiO2: 0.090, Fe2O3:3.35, FeO: 0.32, MnO: 0.006, MgO: 3.05, CaO: 1.68, Na2O: 1.53, K2O: 0.53,F: 0.111, P2O5: 0.049, S: 0.05, Loss on heating: -550°C: 1.59; 550-1000°C:4.47, CO2: 1.33.
CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY (CEC): 76.4 meq/100g, principal exchange cations Na and Ca.
SURFACE AREA: N2 area: 31.82 +/- 0.22 m2/g
THERMAL ANALYSIS: DTA: endotherms at 185°C (shoulder at 235oC), desorptionof water: 755°C, dehydroxylation; shoulder at 810°C, exotherms at 980°C. TG: Loss in dehydroxylation range: 5.53% (theory: 5%).
INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY: Typical spectrum for Wyoming bentonite with a moderate Fe+3 content (band at 885 cm-1). Quartz is detectable (band at 780, 800,698, 400, and 373 cm-1), a trace of carbonate (band at 1425 cm-1).
STRUCTURE: (Ca.12 Na.32 K.05)[Al3.01 Fe(III).41 Mn.01 Mg.54 Ti.02][Si7.98 Al.02]O20(OH)4, Octahedral charge:-.53, Tetrahedral charge:-.02, Interlayer charge:-.55, Unbalanced charge:.05,

Na-Montmorillonite (Australia) SAu-1 (Arumpo Bentonite)

ORIGIN: Victoria, Australia
LOCATION: Samples were collected by Arumpo Bentonite Pty Ltd, Mildura, Victoria, Australia in 2019 and donated to the Clay Minerals Society.
TYPICAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES: (as is basis)
Montmorillonite content >90%, Cation Exchange Capacity (meq/100g) >90, Bulk
Density (t/m3) 1.2, Swell Index 7-12m//2gm, pH 5-7.5, Moisture Content – Fine
Grade 12-18%, Moisture Content – Granular Grade 12-18%
TYPICAL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES: Silica (SiO2) 61.5%, Alumina (Al2O3) 18.5%, Soda (Na2O) 1.3% Magnesia (MgO) 5.2%, Lime (CaO) 0.1%, Potash (K2O) 1.3%, Ferric Oxide (Fe2O3) 4.1%,

Barasym SSM-100 Syn-1

ORIGIN: Synthetic, trade name Barasym SSM-100, Baroid Division, NL Industries,date of manufacture: 1972
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 49.7 Al2O3: 38.2, TiO2: 0.023, Fe2O3: 0.02, MgO: 0.014, Na2O: 0.26, K2O: <0.01, Li2O; 0.25, F: 0.76, P2O5: 0.001,S: 0.10, Loss on heating: -55°C: 8.75; 550-1000°C: 2.4.
CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY (CEC): Barium method ca.70 meq/100g; ammonium methodca. 140 meq/100g.
SURFACE AREA: N2 area: 133.66 +/- 0.72 m2/g
THERMAL ANALYSIS: DTA: endotherms at 140°C, desorption of water: 575°C, dehydroxylation; exotherms at 1030°C. TG: The weight loss in dehydroxylation range: 10.35% due to simultaneous loss of ammonium which is the major exchange cation.
INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY: The spectrum is broadly similar to that of muscoviteand contains bands due to NH4 ( 1432 and 1404 cm-1) and to NH4Br from the reaction in the KBr disk.
STRUCTURE: (Mg.06 Ca.04 Na.12 Ktr)[Al3.99 Fe(III)tr MntrTitr][Si6.50 Al1.50]O20(OH)4, Octahedral charge:.01, Tetrahedral charge:-1.50, Interlayer charge:-1.49, Unbalanced charge:-1.17, Extra Al:.40

Special Clays

Ripidolite (Chlorite) CCa-2

ORIGIN: Flagstaff Hill, El Dorado County, California, USA
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 26.0 Al2O3: 20.0, TiO2: 0.476, Fe2O3 :26.6, FeO: 20.8, MnO: 0.1, MgO: 17.2, CaO: 0.25, Na2O:
<0.1, K2O: ><0.1, P2O5: 0.02, LOI: 9.32>
STRUCTURE: (Ca.05) [Mg4.44 Al.60 Fe(III)3.47 Fe(II)3.02 Mn.01Ti.06][Si4.51 Al13.49]O20(OH)16, Lacks Mg:.40

Montmorillonite (Otay) SCa-3 (no longer available for sale)

ORIGIN: Otay San Diego County, California, USA
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 52.8 Al2O3: 15.7, TiO2: 0.181, Fe2O3:1.06, FeO:
<0.10, MnO: 0.03, MgO: 7.98, CaO: 0.95, Na2O: 0.92, K2O: 0.03, P2O5: 0.02, LOI: 21.2>
STRUCTURE: (Mg.45 Ca.15 Na.26 K.01)[Al2.55 Fe(III).12 Mntr Mg1.31 Ti.02 ][Si7.81 Al.19]O20(OH)4, Octahedral charge:-1.29, Tetrahedral charge:-0.19, Interlayer charge:-1.48, Unbalanced charge:0.00,

Ferruginous Smectite SWa-1 (no longer available for sale)

ORIGIN: Grant County, Washington, USA
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 43.75 Al2O3: 7.95, TiO2: 0.54, Fe2O3:25.25, FeO: 0, MnO: 0.03, MgO: 1.75, CaO: 2.05, Na2O: 0, K2O: 0.03,P2O5: 0.05, LOI: 19.35
STRUCTURE: (Mg.18 Ca.36 K.01)[Al.61 Fe(III) 3.08 Mntr Mg.24 Ti.07][Si7.09 Al.91]O20(OH)4, Octahedral charge:-.18, Tetrahedral charge:-.91, Interlayer charge:-1.09, Unbalanced charge:0.00,

Vermiculite (Llano) VTx-1 (no longer available for sale)

ORIGIN: Liano County, Texas, USA
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 27.8 Al2O3: 0.59, TiO2: 0.047, Fe2O3:1.12, FeO: <0.10, MnO: 0.08, MgO: 29.7, CaO: 14.6, Na2O: ><.01, K2O: 0.03, P2O5: 0.03, LOI: 26.2>
STRUCTURE:(Mg2.27 Ca2.92 K.01)[Mg5.98 Mn.01 Ti.01][Si7.71 Al.13Fe(III).16]O20(OH)4, Octahedral charge:.02, Tetrahedral charge:-0.29, Interlayer charge:-.27, Unbalanced charge:+10.12, Lacks Si:2.53

Illite IMt-1 and IMt-2 (no longer available for sale)

ORIGIN: Silver Hill, Montana, USA
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 49.3 Al2O3: 24.25, TiO2: 0.55, Fe2O3:7.32, FeO: 0.55, MnO: 0.03, MgO: 2.56, CaO: 0.43, Na2O: 0, K2O: 7.83, P2O5: 0.08, LOI: 8.02
STRUCTURE: (Mg.09 Ca.06 K1.37)[Al2.69 Fe(III).76 Fe(II).06 Mntr Mg.43 Ti.06][Si6.77 Al1.23]O20(OH)4, Octahedral charge:-.44, Tetrahedral charge:-1.23, Interlayer charge:-1.68, Unbalanced charge:0.00

Illite-Smectite Mixed Layer (60/40 ordered) ISMt-2 (no long available for sale)

ORIGIN: Mancos shale Cretaceous
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 51.2 Al2O3: 26.3, TiO2: 0.17, Fe2O3:1.49, FeO: 0.1, MnO: 0.01, MgO: 2.41, CaO: 1.4, Na2O: 0.04, K2O: 4.74, P2O5: 0.05, LOI: 12.6
STRUCTURE: (Mg.05 Ca.21 Na.01 K.84)[Al3.37 Fe(III).16 Fe(II).01 Mntr Mg.45Ti.02][Si7.08 Al.92]O20(OH)4, Octahedral charge:-.44, Tetrahedral charge:-.92, Interlayer charge:-1.36, Unbalanced charge:0.00

Illite-Smectite Mixed Layer (70/30 ordered) ISCz-1

ORIGIN: Slovakia
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 51.6 Al2O3: 25.6, TiO2: 0.039, Fe2O3:1.11, FeO:
<0.1, MnO: 0.04, MgO: 2.46, CaO: 0.67, Na2O: 0.32, K2O: 5.36, P2O5: 0.04, LOI: 10.2>
STRUCTURE: (Mg.03 Ca.1 Na.09 K.95)[Al3.39 Fe(III).12 Mntr Mg.48Titr][Si7.19 Al.81]O20(OH)4, Octahedral charge:-.48, Tetrahedral charge:-.81, Interlayer charge:-1.29, Unbalanced charge:0.00

Nontronite NG-1

ORIGIN: Hohen Hagen, Germany
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 45.8 Al2O3: 5.93, TiO2: 0.05, Fe2O3:32.2, FeO: 0, MnO: 0.01, MgO: 1.02, CaO: 1.95, Na2O: 0.03, K2O: 0.13, P2O5: 0.02, LOI: 13.4
STRUCTURE: (Mg.15 Ca.32 Na.01 K.03)[Fe(III)3.75 Al.17 Mntr Mg.08Ti.01][Si7.08 Al.92]O20(OH)4, Octahedral charge:-.08, Tetrahedral charge:-.92, Interlayer charge:-.99, Unbalanced charge:0.00

Corrensite CorWa-1 (no longer available for sale)

ORIGIN: Pachwook, Washington, USA
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 44.0 Al2O3: 15.4, TiO2: 1.26, Fe2O3:13.9, FeO: 4.5, MnO: 0.32, MgO: 6.24, CaO: 3.44, Na2O: 3.44, K2O: 0.59, P2O5: 0.22, LOI: 12.3
STRUCTURE: (Ca1.2 Na2.17 K.25)[Al4.24 Fe(III)3.41 Fe(II)1.23 Mn.09Mg3.03 Ti.31][Si14.33 Al1.67]O40(OH)20, Octahedral charge:-4.03, Tetrahedral charge:-1.67, Interlayer charge:-5.70, Unbalanced charge:-.88

Saponite SapCa-2 (no longer available for sale)

ORIGIN: Ballarat, California, USA
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 47.9 Al2O3: 4.17, TiO2: 0.029, Fe2O3:0.66, FeO:
<0.1, MnO: 0.05, MgO: 26.1, CaO: 0.9, Na2O: 2.73, K2O: 0.39,P2O5: 0.03, LOI: 12.6>
STRUCTURE: (Ca1.14 Na.79 K.07)[Mg5.98 Mn.01 Titr][Si7.19 Al.74Fe(III).07]O20(OH)4, Octahedral charge:+.02, Tetrahedral charge:-.81, Interlayer charge:-.79, Unbalanced charge:+.35 Lacks Si:.01, Lacks Mg:.15

Sepiolite SepSp-1

ORIGIN: Valdemore, Spain
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 52.9 Al2O3: 2.56, TiO2:
<.001, Fe2O3:1.22, FeO: 0.3, MnO: 0.13, MgO: 23.6, CaO: ><.01, Na2O: ><0.01, K2O: 0.05, P2O5: 0.01, LOI: 20.8>
STRUCTURE: (K.01)[Mg5.54 Al.35 Mn.02 Fe(II).04 Fe(III).14][Si7.90 Al.1]O20(OH)4,Octahedral charge:+.49, Tetrahedral charge:-.10,Interlayer charge:+.39, Unbalanced charge:+.40 Lacks Mg:.20

Sepiolite SepNev-1 (no longer available for sale)

ORIGIN: Two Crows, Nevada, USA
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 54.0 Al2O3: 0.5, TiO2:
<.001, Fe2O3: 0.81, FeO: ><0.1, MnO: 0.11, MgO: 23.3, CaO: 1.25, Na2O: 2.1, K2O: 0.15,P2O5: 0.02, LOI: 19.2>
STRUCTURE: (Ca.2 Na.6 K.03)[Mg5.81 Al.09 Mn.01 Fe(III).09][Si8.00]O20(OH)4, Octahedral charge:+.18, Tetrahedral charge:0.0, Interlayer charge:+.18, Unbalanced charge:+1.03 Extra Si: 0.02 Lacks Mg:.65

Beidellite, SBCa-1 (no longer available for sale)

ORIGIN: California, USA
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 46.45 Al2O3: 27.95, TiO2: 0.517, Fe2O3:2.13, FeO: 0.1, MnO: 0.08, MgO: 0.94, CaO: 1.01, Na2O:
<.01, K2O: 0.72, P2O5: 0.11, LOI: 20.25>
STRUCTURE: (Mg.3 Ca.16 K.15)[Al3.82 Fe(III).18 Mntr Ti.06][Si6.80Al1.20]O20(OH)4, Octahedral charge:+.12, Tetrahedral charge:-1.20, Interlayer charge:-1.08, Unbalanced charge:0.0

Beidellite, SBId-1

ORIGIN: Idaho, USA
STRUCTURE: Si3.772, Al(IV).228, Al(VI)1.786, Fe(III).104, Mg(VI).046 Mn.001 Ti.048 Na.012 K.159,.050.Also see Post et al, 1997, Clays and Clay Minerals 45:240-250

Nontronite NAu-1

ORIGIN: South Australia
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 53.33 Al2O3: 10.22, Fe2O3: 34.19MgO: 0.27, CaO: 3.47, Na2O: 0.08, K2O: 0.03
STRUCTURE:(M+1.0)[Si7.00 Al1.00][Al.58 Fe3.38 Mg.05] Also see Keeling, J.L.et al. 2000 “Geology and preliminary characterization of two nontronites from Uley graphite mine, South Australia”Clays and Clay Minerals.

Nontronite NAu-2

ORIGIN: South Australia
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 56.99 Al2O3: 3.4, Fe2O3: 37.42MgO: 0.34, CaO: 2.67, Na2O: 0.11, K2O: 0.02
STRUCTURE:(M+.97)[Si7.57 Al.01 Fe.42][Al.52 Fe3.32 Mg.7]O20(OH)4 Also see Keeling, J.L.et al. 2000 “Geology and preliminary characterization of two nontronites from Uley graphite mine, South Australia” Clays and Clay Minerals.

Synthetic Hectorite SYnH-1

ORIGIN: United Catalysts Inc.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%): SiO2: 57-61MgO: 25-29 Li2O 0.5-0.9, Na2O: 2.5-3.5, LOI: <10
DENSITY: 2.5g/cm3
MOISTURE CONTENT: 12%

Illite IWi-1 (no longer available for sale)

ORIGIN: Waukesha illite, Silurian, Wisconsin, USA
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION: See Grathoff et al. 1995. Abstract of 32nd Annual Clay Minerals Society Meeting.

Rectorite RAr-1

Sorry, but there is no Origin or Chemical Compsoiton informait on available on this clay.

Cookeite Car-1

Sorry, but there is no Origin or Chemical Compsoiton informait on available on this clay.

Reynolds Cup Reference Mixtures

The samples labeled with RCx_y are mixtures prepared from purified reference minerals, representing clay-bearing rocks, soils or raw materials in the broadest sense. The materials were designed for testing the performance of methods in qualitative and quantitative mineral phase analysis in previous Reynolds Cup contests.

The organizers made great efforts to prepare homogeneous and well defined samples. However, as absolutely pure minerals are hard to obtain in amounts suitable for preparing some hundred grams of mixture, some minor impurities of the reference materials must be taken into account. Of course the degree of purity varies between the different reference materials, but in total the accuracy of the given mineralogical composition of a single sample can be estimated to be better than 1 % absolute bias. This means that the uncertainty of the percentage of a component should not be bigger than 1 % relatively for the major constituents and 0.1 % absolutely for the trace minerals.

The aliquots of the sample mixtures have been tested carefully for representativeness by XRF and XRD analysis. But according to the limited amount of 2-4 grams, the delivered samples cannot be split further into subsamples without additional milling and homogenization.

Some samples contain sensitive minerals like bassanite, halite, pyrite or nahcolite as minor constituents. Their stability cannot be guaranteed during handling and long-time storage.

In general, please note that the mixtures are not prepared and checked in a complete procedure of certification. Therefore, there is no warranty for the trueness of the mineralogical composition as given in the data sheets. The Clay Minerals Society hereby explicitly excludes all responsibility for the usability of the mixtures in any calibration or test procedure.

 

Rate: US$ 250 per unit (2-4 grams)

Samples available and nominal compositions:

  • RC5_1 Type: Clay-rich sediment from an evaporate environment
  • RC5_2 Type: Clay that might be encountered in a hydrothermal alteration
  • RC5_3 Type: Clay-rich soil formed on a parent material rich in ferromagnesian minerals and amorphous soil minerals
  • RC6_1 Type: Petroleum shale
  • RC6_2 Type: Ni laterite profile
  • RC6_3 Type: Bauxite profile
  • RC7_1 Type: Sulphate rock (Gypsifereous Keuper)
  • RC7_2 Type: Bentonite, sodium activated
  • RC8_1 Type: Fine fraction of a tailing processed from a greisen-type tin ore
  • RC8_3 Type: Altered/weathered ultrabasite rock
  • RC9_1 Type: Fine fraction of a Sabkha deposit
  • RC9_2 Type: Weathered marine deposit
  • RC9_3 Type: Carbonatite deposit
  • RC10_1 Type: Hydrothermally altered shale
  • RC10-2 Type: Muddy limestone
  • RC10-3 Type: Martian volcanicalstic sediment/soil
  • RC11-1 Type: Shale deposit
  • RC11-2 Type: Lacustrine deposit
  • RC11-3 Type: Ball clay deposit